Course objective
The main objective of the Advanced Web Programming
course is to discuss state of the art technologies in Web Programming and some
open research issues of the domain. For now, they are known as Web 2.0. It
represents the next generation of Internet applications, business strategy and
technologies that supports contribution to the online community.
Internet. Short History
Internet is the name of a
global network based on several standardized protocols. Most of them were
adopted in early ‘90 (TCP-IP, FTP, HTTP …). The Internet Protocol Suite
resulted from research and development conducted by the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The TCP/IP model consists of four layers
described by RFC 1122. These
are the Link Layer, the Internet Layer, the Transport Layer, and the Application
Layer.
In March 1982, the US Department of Defense declared TCP/IP as the
standard for all military computer networking. In 1985, the Internet
Architecture Board held a three-day workshop on TCP/IP for the computer
industry, attended by 250 vendor representatives, promoting the protocol and
leading to its increasing commercial use. However, the Internet started to have
a significant cultural and commercial impact since 1990.
For more information
about history please consult The
Internet page.
Web technologies
In the 1980's,
the World Wide Web term was invented by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert
Cailliau in Europe (during some sessions in the CERN cafeteria), and then rapidly
spread around the world over the Internet in the 1990's by Marc Andreessen and
the NCSA team that developed the Mosaic and Netscape browsers. For his work in
developing the World Wide Web, Berners-Lee received the Millennium technology
prize in 2004.
In 1994, the W3 Consortium
was formally established with support from the US Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, the Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique
(INRIA) Fr, DARPA, and the European Commission, with a mandate to oversee
development of common web protocols and promote web
interoperability.
Nowadays Web 2.0 represents a big step from the first
generation of websites. They were typically produced and updated by independent
webmasters. For the rest of the community this means "read only" content. Any
case, this was a big step from paper, but nowadays it is a huge demand for
interactions between the Web and the "community knowledge". The way this
interaction was added can be summarized as the new "server side" and client
side" technologies. Most of these are represented by open-source or free
software, as web server and web development languages and tools. Free
technologies like Apache, PHP, Perl or MySQL enabled rapid development of
dynamic low cost Web applications.
Interaction is the key of Web 2.0. For
business applications, the Web customers are creators of so-called
"user-generated content". They add comments and evaluations; they build new web
pages; they upload audio, video and images. In few words, they provide other
users with useful information. The need of responsive applications was solved
through new technologies (ex. Ajax).
Users can contribute by participating
through blogs, podcasts, and online profiles. They
even can communicate directly through online conference services like Skype.
These where made possible when the broadband Internet connections becomes
reality. Indeed, Web services centered on audio and video distribution simply
could not exist without high-speed Internet and inexpensive bandwidth
costs.
Other research topics
Slides:
C1. Overview.
Additional Readings:
Ben Parr, "What the Web
of Tomorrow Will Look Like: 4 Big Trends to Watch", 2010
Motivation. Objectives. Short history. Internet. Web technologies. Research
issues.
...
HTML, XML, XHTML, CSS.
...
JavaScript, DOM, Client-page interaction.
...
PHP. PDFLib. Symfony. CodeIgniter
...
Ajax. Managing interactions. Ajax libraries. Web App
Frameworks. Dojo.
...
RIA technologies. Google Ajax API. Web services, Web mashups. .Windmill. ...
The SMIL language. Multimedia data. Synchronisation. Links. SMIL Tools. Joomla. Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). ...
© 2011 UPT. Assoc.Prof.Dr. Dan Pescaru. All rights reserved.